Country Legislations
List of Laws and Legislation
EUROPE
- United Kingdom – Equality Act 2010
- https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/contents
- The Equality Act 2010 protects individuals from discrimination based on age, sex, and disability. Menopausal symptoms could potentially be covered under these protected characteristics, providing legal recourse for those facing unfair treatment at work due to menopause.
- European Union – Equal Treatment Directive (2006/54/EC)
- https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32006L0054
- This directive implements the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in employment matters. It could potentially be used to address indirect discrimination against menopausal women in the workplace.
- Germany – General Equal Treatment Act (Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz), 2006
- https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/agg/BJNR189710006.html
- This act prohibits discrimination based on various characteristics, including age and gender. It could potentially be used to protect employees from unfair treatment due to menopausal symptoms.
- France – Labour Code (Code du travail), Article L1132-1
- https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/article_lc/LEGIARTI000006900789/
- The French Labour Code prohibits discrimination based on health status, age, and gender. These protections could potentially extend to employees experiencing menopausal symptoms.
NORTH AMERICA
- United States – Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990
- https://www.ada.gov/pubs/adastatute08.htm
- The ADA requires certain employers to accommodate temporary impairments that substantially limit “major life activities” or “major bodily functions”. Severe menopausal symptoms could potentially qualify as a disability under this definition, obligating employers to provide reasonable accommodations.
- Canada – Canadian Human Rights Act
- https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/h-6/
- The Canadian Human Rights Act prohibits discrimination based on age, sex, and disability. Menopausal symptoms could be covered under these protected grounds, providing legal protection against unfair treatment in the workplace.
- Mexico – Federal Labor Law (Ley Federal del Trabajo), Article 3
- https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/156203/1044_Ley_Federal_del_Trabajo.pdf
- The Federal Labor Law prohibits discrimination in employment based on age and gender. These protections could potentially extend to employees experiencing menopausal symptoms.
OCEANIA
- New Zealand – Human Rights Act 1993
- https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1993/0082/latest/DLM304212.html
- The Human Rights Act 1993 prohibits discrimination based on age, sex, and disability. These protected grounds could cover unfair treatment due to menopausal symptoms in employment situations.
AFRICA
- South Africa – Employment Equity Act, 1998
- https://www.gov.za/documents/employment-equity-act
- The Employment Equity Act prohibits unfair discrimination in the workplace based on various grounds, including age and gender. This could potentially provide protection for employees experiencing menopausal symptoms.
ASIA
- Japan – Act on Securing, Etc. of Equal Opportunity and Treatment between Men and Women in Employment, 1972
- https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/en/laws/view/3543
- This act promotes equal opportunity and treatment between men and women in employment. It could potentially be used to address indirect discrimination against menopausal women in the workplace.
- India – The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016
- https://depwd.gov.in/acts/
- This act prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment. If severe menopausal symptoms qualify as a disability, this law could provide protection for affected employees.
- Singapore – Employment Act, Chapter 91
- https://sso.agc.gov.sg/Act/EmA1968
- The Employment Act prohibits discrimination against employees on various grounds, including age and gender. These protections could potentially cover unfair treatment due to menopausal symptoms.
- South Korea – Act on the Prohibition of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities, Remedy against Infringement of their Rights, etc., 2007
- https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_mobile/viewer.do?hseq=55535&type=part&key=38
- This act prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment. If severe menopausal symptoms qualify as a disability, this law could provide protection for affected employees.
SOUTH AMERICA
- Brazil – Law No. 9,029, of April 13, 1995 (Prohibits discriminatory practices and limits access to employment)
- http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9029.htm
- This law prohibits discriminatory practices in employment. While it does not explicitly mention menopause, it could potentially be used to protect employees from unfair treatment due to menopausal symptoms.
- Argentina – Law 23,592 on Penalizing Acts of Discrimination, 1988
- http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/20000-24999/20465/texact.htm
- This law penalizes acts of discrimination based on various characteristics, including age and gender. It could potentially be used to protect employees from discrimination due to menopausal symptoms.
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